Guide to Laser Cutting, Waterjet Cutting, and Plasma Cutting – How the Techniques Work and How Pricing is Calculated

In the manufacturing industry, laser cutting, waterjet cutting, and plasma cutting are three of the most commonly used methods for cutting metal, plastic, and other materials. But how do these techniques work, and how is the cost of cutting components calculated? In this guide, we delve into how the different cutting methods work and the factors that affect the price.

What is laser cutting?

Laser cutting is a high-precision technique where a powerful laser beam melts or vaporizes the material. It is often used for thin sheet metal and components requiring high tolerance.

Advantages of laser cutting:

• High precision and fine cuts

• Fast cutting of thinner materials

• Suitable for complex geometries

How is the price of laser cutting calculated?

The cost of laser cutting depends on:

1. Material type and thickness – Thicker materials require more energy and longer cutting time.

2. Cutting length and complexity – The more numerous and longer the cuts, the higher the cost.

3. Machine time – Time consumption is affected by cutting speed and settings.

4. Post-processing – The need for deburring or surface treatment can increase the cost.

What is waterjet cutting?

Waterjet cutting uses a high-pressure jet of water, often with abrasive material (sand), to cut through metal, stone, plastic, and composites.

Advantages of waterjet cutting:

• Can cut almost any material, including heat-sensitive substances

• No thermal impact (no burned edges or deformations)

• Highly precise, even in thick materials

How is the price of waterjet cutting calculated?

The cost of waterjet cutting depends on:

1. Material hardness and thickness – The harder and thicker the material, the longer the cutting time.

2. Pressure and abrasive consumption – Higher pressure and more abrasive materials increase operational costs.

3. Cutting length and detail complexity – Complicated shapes take longer and increase the cost.

4. Post-processing – The need for deburring or surface treatment can increase the cost.

What is plasma cutting?

Plasma cutting uses an electric arc to create hot plasma that cuts through conductive materials like steel, aluminum, and copper.

Advantages of plasma cutting:

• Fast and cost-effective for thicker metals

• Low machinery investment compared to laser

• Suitable for rough and robust cuts

How is the price of plasma cutting calculated?

The cost of plasma cutting depends on:

1. Material type and thickness – Thicker metals require more power and gas.

2. Energy consumption and wear parts – Electrodes and nozzles wear and need regular replacement.

3. Cutting length and speed – The longer and more detailed the cuts, the higher the cost.

4. Post-processing – Plasma cutting may require more grinding and deburring than other methods.

Which cutting method should you choose?

• Laser cutting is best for thin materials and high-precision details.

• Waterjet cutting is suitable for thicker materials and heat-sensitive substances.

• Plasma cutting is ideal for rough and fast cuts in metal.

Conclusion

Selecting the right cutting method depends on material, precision, and cost factors. By understanding how laser cutting, waterjet cutting, and plasma cutting work and how pricing is calculated, you can make more cost-effective decisions in your production.